絕緣電阻測試儀的作用是什么你了解有多少

絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)儀(yi)又(you)稱數字絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)儀(yi)、兆歐表、智能絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)儀(yi)等，適于(yu)在(zai)(zai)各(ge)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備的保養(yang)、維修(xiu)、試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗及(ji)檢(jian)定中作(zuo)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)儀(yi)適于(yu)在(zai)(zai)各(ge)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)備的保養(yang)、維修(xiu)、試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗及(ji)檢(jian)定中作(zuo)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。 絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)阻(zu)值分度線均勻清晰、便于(yu)準(zhun)確(que)讀數。 操作(zuo)簡捷，攜帶方便。 低耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)，用(yong)8×1.5V(AA，R6)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)用(yong)時間(jian)長(chang)。 具(ju)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量(liang)檢(jian)查功(gong)能。

　　絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)表(biao)俗稱(cheng)兆歐表(biao)，或稱(cheng)搖表(biao)、高(gao)阻(zu)(zu)計(ji)、絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)測試(shi)儀等。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)表(biao)是(shi)大量使用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力網站和用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)檢測儀表(biao)，對保證產(chan)品質量和運(yun)行(xing)中(zhong)的(de)(de)人身及設(she)備(bei)安全具有重要意義電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器產(chan)品的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)性能是(shi)評(ping)價其絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)好(hao)壞(huai)的(de)(de)重要標志(zhi)之一，它通過(guo)(guo)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)反映(ying)出來。我(wo)們測定(ding)產(chan)品的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，是(shi)指帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部(bu)分(fen)與外露(lu)非帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)金屬部(bu)分(fen)(外殼(ke))之間的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，按不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)產(chan)品，施(shi)加一直流高(gao)壓(ya)，如100V、250V、500V、1000V等，規定(ding)一個(ge)Z低的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)。有的(de)(de)標準規定(ding)每(mei)kV電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)不(bu)小于1MΩ等。目前(qian)在(zai)家用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器產(chan)品標準中(zhong)，通常(chang)只規定(ding)熱態(tai)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，而不(bu)規定(ding)常(chang)態(tai)條(tiao)件(jian)下的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)，常(chang)態(tai)條(tiao)件(jian)下的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)由企業標準中(zhong)自行(xing)制定(ding)。如果(guo)常(chang)態(tai)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)低，說明(ming)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)構中(zhong)可(ke)能存在(zai)某種(zhong)隱患或受(shou)損(sun)(sun)。如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機繞組(zu)對外殼(ke)的(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)低，可(ke)能是(shi)在(zai)嵌線時(shi)繞組(zu)的(de)(de)均(jun)線槽絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)到損(sun)(sun)傷所(suo)致。在(zai)使用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器時(shi)，由于突然上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或切斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源或其它緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)故，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路產(chan)生過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，在(zai)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)損(sun)(sun)處(chu)產(chan)生擊穿，造成對人身的(de)(de)安全或威脅。

　　1，絕緣(yuan)電阻表(biao)(兆(zhao)歐表(biao))-用于測量絕緣(yuan)電阻的直接作用模(mo)擬指示(shi)的電測量儀表(biao)，其單位(wei)用MΩ表(biao)示(shi)。

　　2，測量端(duan)鈕-絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻表用來連接被(bei)測量的接線端(duan)子。絕(jue)緣電(dian)阻表的測量端(duan)鈕應(ying)分別標(biao)出線路(lu)端(duan)鈕L，接地(di)端(duan)鈕E，屏蔽端(duan)鈕G的標(biao)志(zhi)符號(hao)。

　　3，端(duan)鈕電壓(ya)-絕緣電阻(zu)表線路(lu)端(duan)鈕和接地(di)端(duan)鈕之間(jian)的電壓(ya)。

　　4，額定電(dian)壓-絕緣電(dian)阻表測量端鈕處于開(kai)路狀態下輸出(chu)電(dian)壓的標稱(cheng)值。

　　5，開路(lu)電壓-絕緣(yuan)電阻表(biao)測量(liang)端鈕(niu)處于開路(lu)狀態(tai)下所測量(liang)的輸出電壓實測值。

　　6，中值(zhi)電(dian)壓-絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻表測量端鈕L、E連接中值(zhi)電(dian)阻所測量的輸(shu)出電(dian)壓值(zhi)。

　　一(yi)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)就(jiu)象(xiang)是(shi)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)樣，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)好(hao)比是(shi)液(ye)體(ti)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流好(hao)比是(shi)液(ye)體(ti)的(de)流速，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣就(jiu)好(hao)比是(shi)管(guan)(guan)壁。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣防止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子從導體(ti)發生(sheng)漏(lou)(lou)泄其作用(yong)的(de)大(da)(da)小是(shi)用(yong)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)表示的(de)。有(you)(you)效的(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)具有(you)(you)高(gao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)，通常大(da)(da)于幾個兆(zhao)歐(ou)(M)。差的(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)具有(you)(you)較(jiao)低的(de)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)。為了發現管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中的(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)，您(nin)需要對其加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。由于在(zai)(zai)(zai)水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)Z高(gao)時(shi)容(rong)易發現滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)現象(xiang)，所以您(nin)不能關閉(bi)自來(lai)水來(lai)檢查滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)。但是(shi)，您(nin)會(hui)(hui)限制可用(yong)的(de)自來(lai)水，這樣就(jiu)能夠(gou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)發現大(da)(da)的(de)漏(lou)(lou)洞時(shi)不至(zhi)于在(zai)(zai)(zai)周圍噴灑(sa)出(chu)太多的(de)水。比較(jiao)理想的(de)測(ce)試(shi)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(但也(ye)并不是(shi)特(te)別(bie)高(gao))壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下提供(gong)有(you)(you)限的(de)水量。這正是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣測(ce)試(shi)儀(yi)要做(zuo)的(de)事情(qing)。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣測(ce)試(shi)儀(yi)(兆(zhao)歐(ou)表)會(hui)(hui)在(zai)(zai)(zai)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)上加直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，并測(ce)量由此(ci)產生(sheng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。這樣就(jiu)能夠(gou)計算并顯(xian)示絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值(zhi)(絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流束縛在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線中的(de)程度，或(huo)者說防止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流漏(lou)(lou)泄的(de)程度)。便攜式絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣測(ce)試(shi)儀(yi)(兆(zhao)歐(ou)表)一(yi)般輸(shu)出(chu)的(de)測(ce)試(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為50V、100V、250V、500V或(huo)1000V。正象(xiang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中那樣，目的(de)是(shi)提供(gong)一(yi)個并非是(shi)特(te)別(bie)高(gao)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))。我們希(xi)望(wang)發現已有(you)(you)的(de)漏(lou)(lou)泄，但是(shi)并不希(xi)望(wang)對系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)造成過應力而產生(sheng)新的(de)漏(lou)(lou)泄。較(jiao)低的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)用(yong)于低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，例如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話、網絡或(huo)控制線路;較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力用(yong)于測(ce)試(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣。

　　電(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)不僅僅是(shi)包(bao)著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)線的(de)(de)塑料(liao)聚合物材(cai)料(liao)，它是(shi)由電(dian)(dian)纜絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)、套(tao)管絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)子、線管內(nei)空間、馬(ma)達和(he)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)設(she)備(bei)組成的(de)(de)完整(zheng)系統。機械壓力、污(wu)染和(he)溫(wen)度變(bian)化都能(neng)(neng)造(zao)成這(zhe)些組件隨(sui)時間而惡化，使電(dian)(dian)流(liu)發生(sheng)(sheng)漏(lou)泄。電(dian)(dian)流(liu)漏(lou)泄會(hui)(hui)(hui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)以下的(de)(de)幾(ji)個(ge)問(wen)題：1，當電(dian)(dian)流(liu)穿(chuan)過(guo)(guo)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)時產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)熱(re)量，會(hui)(hui)(hui)使絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)惡化，直到終(zhong)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)失效，并(bing)會(hui)(hui)(hui)形成火災隱患。2，漏(lou)泄電(dian)(dian)流(liu)必需(xu)(xu)返(fan)回至源極，它將流(liu)經任何可用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)導體、線管、管道、水(shui)或大地返(fan)回到源極。這(zhe)種不利(li)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)危險(xian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓。3，漏(lou)泄電(dian)(dian)流(liu)是(shi)沒有(you)效率的(de)(de)。經絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)漏(lou)泄的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)并(bing)不能(neng)(neng)驅(qu)動(dong)馬(ma)達、發光(guang)或加熱(re)，但是(shi)仍然會(hui)(hui)(hui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)消耗。4，漏(lou)泄電(dian)(dian)流(liu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)引起過(guo)(guo)流(liu)保護(hu)裝置跳閘，使馬(ma)達和(he)變(bian)壓器過(guo)(guo)熱(re)。結果就(jiu)是(shi)差的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)造(zao)成設(she)備(bei)發生(sheng)(sheng)故(gu)(gu)障、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線停工。現(xian)在，沒有(you)哪個(ge)工廠能(neng)(neng)夠經受得住計(ji)劃外的(de)(de)停工。“客戶需(xu)(xu)要快速診斷故(gu)(gu)障。沒有(you)人愿意損(sun)失生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)時間，并(bing)且許多客戶都急切地想知道他(ta)們是(shi)需(xu)(xu)要修(xiu)理設(she)備(bei)呢還是(shi)需(xu)(xu)要簡單地進行(xing)更換。"

　　通過測試(shi)(shi)系(xi)統(tong)中不(bu)同組件的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)阻(變壓器、開關裝置、導線、馬(ma)達)，技(ji)(ji)術員就可以(yi)隔離并修(xiu)復發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)故障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)部件。技(ji)(ji)術員利用(yong)測試(shi)(shi)來檢驗(yan)(yan)導線和(he)(he)地或(huo)者相(xiang)鄰導線之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)高絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)阻。兩個常見的(de)(de)(de)例子就是測試(shi)(shi)馬(ma)達繞組和(he)(he)馬(ma)達底座之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)，以(yi)及檢查相(xiang)導體(ti)和(he)(he)搭(da)鐵線/機(ji)籠之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)阻。在給系(xi)統(tong)加電(dian)之(zhi)(zhi)前，利用(yong)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)測試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)證(zheng)它是健全的(de)(de)(de)，能(neng)夠改善系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng);絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)測試(shi)(shi)能(neng)夠發(fa)(fa)現(xian)制(zhi)造工藝問題(ti)和(he)(he)設(she)備缺陷(xian)，而這些(xie)問題(ti)在設(she)備發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)故障(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)前一(yi)般是發(fa)(fa)現(xian)不(bu)了的(de)(de)(de)。在歐盟，該項測試(shi)(shi)是強制(zhi)性的(de)(de)(de)，即使對小的(de)(de)(de)民用(yong)系(xi)統(tong)也是如(ru)此。

　　1、儀(yi)表的絕緣測(ce)(ce)試(shi)對于5400在(zai)(zai)500V.Z高(gao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)測(ce)(ce)20GΩ， 在(zai)(zai)1000V.Z高(gao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)測(ce)(ce)40GΩ， 在(zai)(zai)2500V.Z高(gao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)測(ce)(ce)100GΩ;對于5500型在(zai)(zai)2500V.Z高(gao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)測(ce)(ce)100GΩ， 在(zai)(zai)5000V.Z高(gao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)測(ce)(ce)200GΩ;對于5600型在(zai)(zai)5000V.Z高(gao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)測(ce)(ce)200GΩ， 在(zai)(zai)10000V.Z高(gao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)測(ce)(ce)400GΩ;。

　　2、額定(ding)的輸出電壓保持在對5400型負載(zai)電阻可低至4MΩ/8MΩ/20MΩ;對5500型為20MΩ/40MΩ;對5600型為40MΩ/80MΩ，這使得儀表(biao)能夠準確測量較低的絕(jue)緣(yuan)阻抗(kang)。

　　3、自動轉換的(de)高低范(fan)圍雙刻度指示， 彩(cai)色刻度易于讀識， 并且有LED顯示相應色彩(cai)。

　　4、整(zheng)機(ji)采(cai)用ABS塑料機(ji)殼便攜式設(she)計，具有抗干擾能力強、結構緊湊、外觀精美。

　　5、儀表采用超(chao)薄型張絲表頭，抗震能力(li)強。

　　6、交直流兩用，內(nei)置(zhi)可充(chong)(chong)電(dian)池和智能充(chong)(chong)電(dian)模塊，整機輸(shu)出(chu)功率大(C型)。

　　7、是測量變壓器(qi)、互感器(qi)、發電機、高壓電動機、電力電容、電力電纜、避雷器(qi)等絕緣(yuan)電阻(zu)的(de)理想測試儀(yi)器(qi)。