高壓試驗變壓器試驗前需要做的安全措施

近年來高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)電力(li)安全事故較為頻(pin)繁，所以電力(li)企業對(dui)電力(li)變壓(ya)器(qi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)更為重視(shi)。有(you)效的(de)做(zuo)好高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)前要做(zuo)的(de)安全措施，將極大成都降低(di)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)器(qi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)安全事故，同時也對(dui)電力(li)變壓(ya)器(qi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)影響因素、試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)及試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)所出現的(de)偏(pian)差進行(xing)了具體(ti)的(de)闡述(shu)。

在電(dian)力(li)(li)系統運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，高壓試驗變壓器的(de)(de)絕緣缺陷是(shi)導致設(she)備(bei)發(fa)生故障的(de)(de)重要因素，在目前(qian)電(dian)力(li)(li)系統發(fa)生的(de)(de)事(shi)故當中(zhong)，有很大一部分是(shi)由(you)于絕緣缺陷所導致的(de)(de)。因此為(wei)了有效的(de)(de)減少事(shi)故的(de)(de)發(fa)生機(ji)率，在電(dian)力(li)(li)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)時，電(dian)力(li)(li)專業人員(yuan)可以(yi)用各種高壓試驗的(de)(de)方(fang)法來對(dui)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)時的(de)(de)數據(ju)和信息進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)有效的(de)(de)試驗，從而對(dui)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)可行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)性進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)判斷。隨著現在電(dian)力(li)(li)市場(chang)(chang)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)不斷完善，電(dian)力(li)(li)企(qi)業處于激(ji)烈的(de)(de)市場(chang)(chang)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)當中(zhong)，為(wei)了有效的(de)(de)占領市場(chang)(chang)，在競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)中(zhong)占據(ju)優(you)勢(shi)，保(bao)證(zheng)電(dian)力(li)(li)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)質量，確保(bao)在使用中(zhong)的(de)(de)安全是(shi)電(dian)力(li)(li)企(qi)業提高自己(ji)的(de)(de)市場(chang)(chang)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)重要手段。

試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)分為(wei)許多種，通常(chang)情況下(xia)可以(yi)將電(dian)力(li)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)分為(wei)二大(da)類，特(te)(te)性試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和絕(jue)緣試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。其(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)特(te)(te)性試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)對電(dian)力(li)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)等電(dian)器(qi)(qi)設備(bei)的(de)(de)斷路器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)主(zhu)回路接觸(chu)電(dian)阻(zu)、安伏曲線以(yi)及(ji)GIS、極性等進(jin)行的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。而絕(jue)緣試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)包括破(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)性以(yi)及(ji)非破(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)性兩種，前者涉及(ji)到直流交流等耐壓(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，因為(wei)具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)，所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)過(guo)程中(zhong)很容易發現設備(bei)所(suo)出現的(de)(de)缺陷(xian)，但(dan)(dan)是(shi)(shi)由于(yu)它具(ju)有(you)破(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)性，所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)(zai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)很容易將設備(bei)的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣性損(sun)傷，從(cong)而大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低了其(qi)壽命的(de)(de)長度(du)。后者一(yi)般是(shi)(shi)采(cai)用不具(ju)有(you)破(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)性的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)對其(qi)進(jin)行試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，能(neng)夠(gou)發現電(dian)氣設備(bei)整體(ti)上的(de)(de)缺陷(xian)，但(dan)(dan)是(shi)(shi)由于(yu)具(ju)有(you)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)低的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)，所(suo)以(yi)靈敏(min)度(du)也(ye)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)低。不同的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)間(jian)所(suo)產生的(de)(de)效果也(ye)各不相同，但(dan)(dan)在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)當(dang)中(zhong)，非破(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)性試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)還是(shi)(shi)較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)常(chang)采(cai)取的(de)(de)一(yi)種試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法(fa)。

高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)很(hen)容易受潮，一(yi)般是由其外皮(pi)引起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。通(tong)(tong)常情況下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)水分(fen)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)是正的(de)(de)(de)(de)，但是如果在變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)繞組(zu)中施(shi)加一(yi)個正極(ji)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時，會引起(qi)(qi)水分(fen)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化，水量不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)變少，因而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量也會變少。而(er)當施(shi)加的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是負極(ji)性(xing)時，則(ze)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)量會增多。但是實(shi)際(ji)上，變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)不(bu)(bu)會全部(bu)都受到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)極(ji)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，例如，新型的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)一(yi)般不(bu)(bu)會出現(xian)受潮的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象，因此，新型變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)含水量是極(ji)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)，甚至可以忽略(lve)不(bu)(bu)計。這(zhe)樣(yang)看來，試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)極(ji)性(xing)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)泄露(lu)之間并沒有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)。